Kuro vs. Kuroi: which should we use to say “black” in Japanese?

How to say “black” in Japanese?

Native speakers say “kuro” or “kuroi” to mean ‘black’ in Japanese. The first one is a noun; the second one is an adjective. In this blog post, I will explain these two words and how to use them through example sentences. My explanations would help Japanese learners to understand which one to use more clearly. Then, let’s get started!

Contents

• Definition and meaning of “kuro”
  • Example #1: how to use “kuro”
• Definition and meaning of “kuroi”
  • Example #2: how to use “kuroi”
• Kuro vs. Kuroi: which to use
• Summary: black in Japanese

Definition and meaning of “kuro”

Let me start with the definition and meaning of “kuro”.

• kuro – 黒 (くろ) : a noun meaning ‘black’ in Japanese.

Native speakers use this noun to refer to the color of coal or such in Japanese. So, the usage of this noun is similar to that of the English one, “black”, I think.

The definition and meaning are simple and clear. Then, let me explain how to use this noun through the example sentence below.

Example #1: how to use “kuro”

Below are the new words used in the example sentence.

• wa – は : a binding particle working as a case marker or topic marker. In the example, this works after “kuro” to make the subject word in the sentence.
• sumi – 炭 (すみ) : a noun meaning ‘coal’ in Japanese.
• no – の : a case particle used to join two nouns. Normally, the first one can work as a modifier to describe the second. In the example, this is used to join “sumi” and “iro”. The formed phrase literally means ‘color of coal’ in Japanese. Word orders in Japanese and English are different, but the role of this case particle is similar to that of the English preposition, “of”.
• iro – 色 (いろ) : a noun meaning ‘color’ in Japanese. This can also work as plural. Learn more about Japanese plural.
• desu – です : an auxiliary verb used after a noun or adjective to make it polite. Probably, this is well known as a part of Japanese desu form. In the example, this is used after the noun phrase, “sumi no iro”, to make it sound polite.

This is a typical usage of “kuro”. When we want to refer to the color of black itself in Japanese, this noun is a very good option.

Definition and meaning of “kuroi”

Next, let me explain the definition and meaning of “kuroi”.

• kuroi – 黒い (くろい) : an i-adjective meaning ‘black’ in Japanese.

In English, “black” can work as both a noun and an adjective; in Japanese, we need to learn a different word for each part of speech. This fact would be a bit confusing to Japanese learners, but this is the Japanese language. “Kuroi” explained here is an i-adjective and can describe something black.

Then, let me explain how to use “kuroi” through the example sentence below.

Example #2: how to use “kuroi”

Below are the new words used in the example sentence.

• boku – 僕 (ぼく) : a pronoun meaning ‘I’ in Japanese. This is used mainly by boys and young males.
• kumo – 雲 (くも) : a noun meaning ‘cloud’ in Japanese. This can also work as plural.
• wo – を : a case particle used to make the object word in a sentence. In the example, this is used after “kuroi kumo” to make the object in the sentence.
• mi – 見 (み) : one conjugation of the verb, “miru”, which means ‘to see’, ‘to watch’, ‘to look’, or such in Japanese. In the example, it has been conjugated for the better connection with its following word.
• ta – た : an auxiliary verb used after a verb, adjective, or auxiliary verb to make its past tense form. Probably, this is well known as a part of Japanese ta form. In the example, this is used after “mi” to make its past tense form, “mi ta”.

This is a typical usage of “kuroi”. In the example, this i-adjective works as a modifier to describe the color of the clouds. When we want to describe something black in Japanese, “kuroi” is a very good option.

Kuro vs. Kuroi: which to use

So far, I’ve explained the definitions and meanings of “kuro” and “kuroi” and how to use them through the example sentences. Then, which one should we use to say “black” in Japanese? When we want to use a noun to refer to the color of black itself, we should say “kuro”. When we want to use an adjective to describe something black, we should use “kuroi”. Again, but we need to learn a different word for each part of speech in Japanese. We always have to be careful with the difference between these two words.

Summary: black in Japanese

In this blog post, I’ve explained the two different ways to say “black” in Japanese: “kuro” and “kuroi”. And in addition, I’ve explained how they are different. Let me summarize them as follows.

• kuro – 黒 (くろ) : a noun meaning ‘black’ in Japanese. Native speakers use this noun to refer to the color of coal or such. When we want to use a noun to refer to the color of black itself in Japanese, this is a very good option.
• kuroi – 黒い (くろい) : an i-adjective meaning ‘black’ in Japanese. When we want to use an adjective to describe something black in Japanese, this is a very good option.

Hope my explanations are understandable and helpful for Japanese learners.