Furui is the Japanese i-adjective for ‘old’, explained

What does “furui” mean in Japanese?

Native speakers say “furui” to mean ‘old’ in Japanese. Perhaps, some Japanese learners know this i-adjective as it is sometimes used in Japanese conversations. In this blog post, however, I will explain it together with its major conjugations. And also, I will explain how to use them through example sentences. My explanations would help Japanese learners use “furui” more properly. Then, let’s get started!

Contents

• Definition and meaning of “furui”
  • Example #1: how to say “old” in Japanese
• Furukunai: the nai form of “furui”
  • Example #2: how to say “not old” in Japanese
• Furukatta: the ta form of “furui”
  • Example #3: how to say “was old” in Japanese
• Furukute: the te form of “furui”
  • Example #4: how to say “old and” in Japanese
• Furukereba: the ba form of “furui”
  • Example #5: how to say “if old” in Japanese
• Summary

Definition and meaning of “furui”

Let me start with the definition and meaning of “furui”.

• furui – 古い (ふるい) : an i-adjective meaning ‘old’ in Japanese.

Native speakers use this i-adjective to describe something not new in Japanese.

The definition and meaning are simple and clear, I think. Then, let me explain how to use this i-adjective through the example sentence below.

Example #1: how to say “old” in Japanese

Below are the new words used in the example sentence.

• boku – 僕 (ぼく) : a pronoun meaning ‘I’ in Japanese. This is used mainly by boys and young males.
• no – の : a case particle used after a noun or pronoun to make its possessive case. In the example, this is used after “boku” to make its possessive case, “boku no”, which means ‘my’ in Japanese.
• kuruma – 車 (くるま) : a noun meaning ‘car’ in Japanese. This can also work as plural. Learn more about Japanese plural.
• wa – は : a binding particle working as a case marker or topic marker. In the example, this works after “boku no kuruma” to make the subject in the sentence.

This is a typical usage of “furui”. In this example, it works as the complement in the sentence. Like other adjectives, however, it can also work as a modifier in front of a noun. For example, we can say “furui kuruma” to mean ‘an old car’ in Japanese. It’s worth knowing.

So far, I’ve explained the definition and meaning of “furui” and how to use it through the example sentence. In the rest part of this blog post, I will explain its major conjugations. The first one is “furukunai”.

Furukunai: the nai form of “furui”

Below are the definition and meaning of “furukunai”.

• furukunai – 古くない (ふるくない) : the nai form of “furui”, which means ‘not old’ in Japanese.

Grammatically, “furukunai” consists of the following two parts:

• furuku – 古く (ふるく) : one conjugation of “furui”. This can have a smooth connection with “nai”.
• nai – ない : an auxiliary verb used after a verb, adjective, or auxiliary verb to deny its meaning. Word orders in Japanese and English are different, but the role of this auxiliary verb is similar to that of “not”.

From these two parts, we can understand that “furukunai” is literally the nai form of “furui” and means ‘not old’ in Japanese. Then, let me explain how to use this nai form through the example sentence below.

Example #2: how to say “not old” in Japanese

Below are the new words used in the example sentence.

• kono – この : a determiner used before a noun which refers to something close to the speaker. In the example, this is used before “ie” to say “this house” in Japanese.
• ie – 家 (いえ) : a noun meaning ‘house’ or ‘home’ in Japanese. This can also work as plural.

This is a typical usage of “furukunai”. When we want to mean ‘not old’ in Japanese, this nai form is a good option.

Furukatta: the ta form of “furui”

Below are the definition and meanings of “furukatta”.

• furukatta – 古かった (ふるかった) : the ta form of “furui”, which means ‘was old’, ‘were old’, or such in Japanese.

Grammatically, “furukatta” consists of the following two parts:

• furukat – 古かっ (ふるかっ) : one conjugation of “furui”. This can have a smooth connection with “ta”.
• ta – た : an auxiliary verb used after a verb, adjective, or auxiliary verb to make its past tense form. Probably, this is well known as a part of Japanese ta form.

From these two parts, we can understand that “furukatta” is literally the ta form of “furui” and means ‘was old’, ‘were old’, or such in Japanese. Then, let me explain how to use this form through the example sentence below.

Example #3: how to say “was old” in Japanese

Below are the new words used in the example sentence.

• resutoran – レストラン (れすとらん) : a noun meaning ‘restaurant’ in Japanese. This can also work as plural.
• no – の : a case particle used to join two nouns. Normally, the first one can work as a modifier to describe the second. In the example, this is used to join “resutoran” and “gyūnyū”. The formed phrase literally means ‘the milk at the restaurant’ in Japanese. Word orders in Japanese and English are different, but the role of this case particle is similar to those of some English prepositions.
• gyūnyū – 牛乳 (ぎゅうにゅう) : a noun meaning ‘milk’ in Japanese.
• ga – が : a case particle used to make the subject word or the object word in a sentence. In the example, this is used after “resutoran no gyūnyū” to make the subject in the sentence.

This is a typical usage of “furukatta”. When we want to use the past tense form of “furui”, this ta form is the best option.

Furukute: the te form of “furui”

Below are the definition and meaning of “furukute”.

• furukute – 古くて (ふるくて) : the te form of “furui”, which means ‘old’ in Japanese.

Grammatically, “furukute” consists of the following two parts:

• furuku – 古く (ふるく) : one conjugation of “furui”. This can have a smooth connection with “te”.
• te – て : a conjunctive particle used after a verb, adjective, or auxiliary verb to make its te form.

From these two parts, we can understand that “furukute” is literally the te form of “furui”. In Japanese, te-formed words have some important roles. One of them is make smooth connections of words. So, “furukute” is very useful when we want to use “furui” in front of another adjective, a verb, or an auxiliary verb. Let me explain this usage through the example sentence below.

Example #4: how to say “old and” in Japanese

Below are the new words used in the example sentence.

• niku – 肉 (にく) : a noun meaning ‘meat’ in Japanese.
• mo – も : a binding particle making the subject word or the object word in a sentence with adding the meaning of ‘also’, ‘as well’, or ‘too’. In the example, this works after “niku” to make the subject in the sentence with adding the meaning of ‘also’.
• kusai – 臭い (くさい) : an i-adjective, but often translated into English as ‘to smell bad’.

This is a typical usage of “furukute”. In the example, it has the smooth connection with “kusai”. When we want to use “furui” in front of another adjective like this, its te form is very useful to make a smooth connection.

Furukereba: the ba form of “furui”

Lastly, let me explain the definition and meaning of “furukereba”.

• furukereba – 古ければ (ふるければ) : the ba form of “furui”, which makes a conditional clause in a sentence with meaning ‘old’ in Japanese.

Grammatically, “furukereba” consists of the following two parts:

• furukere – 古けれ (ふるけれ) : one conjugation of “furui”. This can have a smooth connection with “ba”.
• ba – ば : a conjunctive particle used after a verb, adjective, or auxiliary verb to make its ba form.

From these two parts, we can understand that “furukereba” is literally the ba form of “furui”. In Japanese, the ba forms of words can work as their conditional forms. So, we can use “furukereba” to make a conditional clause in a sentence with adding the meaning of ‘old’ in Japanese. Let me explain this usage through the example sentence below.

Example #5: how to say “if old” in Japanese

Below are the new words used in the example sentence.

• chizu – 地図 (ちず) : a noun meaning ‘map’ in Japanese. This can also work as plural.
• oshie – 教え (おしえ) : one conjugation of the verb, “oshieru“, which means ‘to teach’, ‘to tell’, or ‘to let someone know’ in Japanese. In the example, it has been conjugated for the better connection with its following word.
• te – て : the same as used in “furukute”. In this example, this is used after “oshie” to make its te form, “oshie te”. Verbs need to be changed to their te forms to be connected with “kudasai”.
• kudasai – ください : one conjugation of the verb, “kudasaru”, which means ‘to give’ or such in Japanese. When this follows a verb, however, this can work like an auxiliary verb to add the meaning of ‘please’. In the example, this works like an auxiliary verb after “oshie te” to say “please let me know” in Japanese.

This is a typical usage of “furukereba”. In this example, it works as a part of the conditional clause, “chizu ga furukereba”, which means ‘if the map is old’ in Japanese. When we want to make a conditional clause in a sentence with adding the meaning of ‘old’ in Japanese, this ba form is a good option.

Summary

In this blog post, I’ve explained the definition and meaning of “furui” together with its major conjugations. And also, I’ve explained how to use them through the example sentences. Let me summarize them as follows.

• furui – 古い (ふるい) : an i-adjective meaning ‘old’ in Japanese. This can work as both a modifier and a complement.
• furukunai – 古くない (ふるくない) : the nai form of “furui”, which means ‘not old’ in Japanese.
• furukatta – 古かった (ふるかった) : the ta form of “furui”, which means ‘was old’, ‘were old’, or such in Japanese. This is the past tense form of “furui”.
• furukute – 古くて (ふるくて) : the te form of “furui”, which means ‘old’ in Japanese. When we want to use “furui” in front of another adjective, this te form is very useful to make a smooth connection.
• furukereba – 古ければ (ふるければ) : the ba form of “furui”, which makes a conditional clause in a sentence with meaning ‘old’ in Japanese.

Hope my explanations are understandable and helpful for Japanese learners.